Rucete ✏ Chemistry In a Nutshell
Fundamental terms
Before studying organic chemistry, we need to know basic words.
Organic compound
A compound made of carbon and any other components.
Functional group
A position with the characteristic arrangement of atoms and bonds on an organic molecule where we can expect reactions to occur.
Alkyl group
A group obtained by eliminating from the alkane or other non-cyclic hydrocarbons a hydrogen atom. This is also abbreviated as R, R' or R" in formulas.
Branched carbon chain
A branched carbon chain with one or more alkyl groups.
Straight carbon chain
Unbranched carbon chain, not linear though, zigzagged with bond angles of 109°.
Homologous series
This is a family of organic compounds of the same functional group and represented by the same general formula, such as Alkanes, Alkenes, Alcohols, etc.
Saturated compound
An organic compound that contains only C−C bond single between any carbon atoms present. It is unable to undergo additional reactions. For example, Alkanes, Haloalkanes, and so on.
Unsaturated compound
Organic compound containing one or more C=C double bonds or C=C triple bonds. It is able to undergo additional reactions.
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Chemistry in a nutshell