Rucete ✏ Biology In a Nutshell
Basic Biochemistry Terms
These are simple terms to understand what will be mentioned in biology.
Atom
There are nuclei composed of protons and neutrons, and electrons composed of negative electricity outside the nucleus. The weight of this atom contributes to the protons and neutrons in the nucleus.
Molecules
It consists of two or more atoms by chemical bonding.
Bonding
Ionic bond
1 When one atom's outermost electrons move to another, they form a bond between the two atoms.
2 It is an electrostatic bond formed between anions and cations.
3 Cl-, which is produced by obtaining an extra electron from a Cl atom And in Na+, which is caused by the loss of an electron, produce NaCl.
Covalent Bond
1 It is formed when electrons are shared between atoms.
2 Nonpolar covalent bonds : It is formed when the electrons are shared equally. (Cl2, O2, H2...)
3 Polar covalent bonds : Covalent bonds with different forces of pulling shared electron pairs due to different electronegativity between atoms.
4 There are various forms depending on the shared electrons such as single covalent bond, double covalent bond, triple covalent bond, etc.
Hydrogen Bond
1 It is a kind of weak bond that occurs between molecules.
2 The bond formed between the positively charged hydrogen atoms and the negatively charged oxygen atoms in water.
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Biology in a nutshell