Rucete ✏ Biology In a Nutshell
Proteins In a nutshell
1 Categorization by Function
1. Structural proteins : keratin (it can be found in the hair and horns of animals),
collagen (it is most abundant proteins and in the connective tissue),
silk (it is in spider webs)
2. Storage proteins : casein(it is in milk), ovalbumin(it contains egg whites), zein(it is present in corn seeds)
3. Transport proteins : hemoglobin(transports oxygen in red blood cells), carrier proteins and channel proteins(transport substances in and out of cells)
4. Defensive proteins : these protect our body from foreign substances.
5. Enzymes : these regulate chemical reaction rates.
2 The structural characteristics of proteins
1. This is polymer of amino acids
2. The bond between amino acids is called peptide bond and the chain of peptide bond is called polypeptide.
3. All proteins are in the form of a side group(R) bonded to a central carbon to which an amino group(-NH₂), a carboxyl group(-COOH), and a hydrogen(H) are connected.
4. Glycine: this is the amino acid polymer with a side group(R) of H.
5. Serine: this is the amino acid polymer with a side group(R) of CH₂OH.
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Biology in a nutshell